Production systems in artificial intelligence (AI) consist of rules that guide the creation of programs capable of problem-solving. These systems are structured around production rules, each with a condition and corresponding action. When a condition is met, the action is executed, allowing the system to progress towards a solution.
A chatbot powered by a production system might have a rule that states if a user inputs a specific phrase, the system will respond with a pre-determined answer. The system can continue to learn and improve its responses based on user interactions and feedback.