A meta-heuristic optimization algorithm inspired by the luminescent behavior of glowworms, which are also known as fireflies or lightning bugs. It was developed by Krishnanand N. Kaipa and Debasish Ghose and is particularly effective for capturing multiple optima of multimodal functions.
GSO can be used to optimize the design of a wind turbine blade, where the goal is to maximize energy production while minimizing material usage and cost. By simulating the behavior of glowworms and their luminescent signals, GSO can identify the optimal shape and size of the blade that meets these competing objectives.