Google DeepMind’s AI Brain, in collaboration with Harvard University, has achieved groundbreaking discoveries about the human mind by creating an artificial brain for a virtual rat. This AI brain controls the virtual rat’s movements in an ultra-realistic physics simulation, allowing researchers to study brain functions and complex behaviors in ways previously impossible. The artificial brain mimics the structure and function of a real rat’s brain, enabling the virtual rat to navigate its environment, react to stimuli, and perform tasks requiring coordination and decision-making. This research provides insights into neural mechanisms underlying movement, learning, and behavior, potentially leading to treatments for neurological disorders and advancements in robotics. The virtual rat’s brain uses deep reinforcement learning and inverse dynamics modeling to control movements, demonstrating the ability to generalize knowledge to new situations. This research marks a new era of virtual neuroscience, allowing detailed exploration and manipulation of brain functions in simulations, free from ethical constraints of live animal research. The study of the virtual rat brain offers powerful tools for understanding neural circuits, state estimation, predictive modeling, and coordinated movement patterns, paving the way for future discoveries in neuroscience.